Business ethic and CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business ethic and CSR - Essay Example The paper additionally keeps up that positive connection between's CSR use and future execution of the firm is not the same as what it is generally taken for in light of the fact that such investigations for the most part don’t take the factor of management’s private data in thought. What's more, fundamentally these revelations are signals by which firms impart their private data of splendid future possibilities to the outside world. They keep up that cause speculation for CSR use isn't connected with the future execution of the firm however it might be connected with current period execution. Venture speculation and Signal theory (for example either CSR use are speculations or correspondences of brilliant future possibilities) are both emphatically connected with the future execution of the firm. Be that as it may, their positive connection is of commonly extraordinary nature. Their methodological development to test and separate among speculation and their loved flagg ing theory lies in their parting the CSR use further down in venture related and non speculation related segments. In the event that CSR spending is wise venture, at that point there should be sure connection between its speculation segment (ideal CSR consumption) and its future execution. What's more, if it’s not some speculation suffer but rather a motioning of better future possibilities then there will be certain relationship between firm’s deviation from the ideal and its future execution. In spite of the fact that creators perceive that impacts of ideal consumption and deviation from it are not totally unrelated as both can have positive relationship with the future execution. Through this procedure creators concoct their first outcome that CSR uses has a positive relationship with the future execution of the firm estimated chiefly through the adjustment in the working income and ROA. At the point when this connection is built up creators at that point discredit the Charity speculation in regards to CSR uses. For in the event that CSR spending are good cause, at that point these ought not influence the future execution of the firm. Next, creators embrace the differential effect of ideal and deviational segments of CSR on the future execution of the firm. By and large, is connected with the deviational CSR use instead of ideal CSR. By and large, ideal CSR brings about the decay of investor esteem and the general positive effect on the firm worth is the aftereffect of flagging estimation of CSR use. What's more, with result creators invalidate the venture speculation of CSR while keeping up that for this theory to hold firm it was necessitated that ideal CSR should bring about the expanded presentation of the firm. With their discoveries creators of the paper point to another skyline in corporate writing in regards to the genuine motivation behind CSR uses and exposures. Most significant advancement that their work offers is the flagging esti mation of CSR use. This road of flagging worth of CSR divulgences has been generally dismissed. Along these lines their revelation will add new edge to the connection of CSR use and future execution of the firm. Their finding additionally features the wonders that CSR uses are taken by the organizations when they feel that their future possibilities are brilliant and in coming

Forest Management essays

Backwoods Management expositions Both the neighborhood individuals of Amazonian and the legislature of that zone have an impact in dealing with the woodland. In the late 1970s, IBAMA-Brazils Environment Agency was set up to attempt to forestall the consuming of the rainforest. A large number of sections of land were being singed; in 1987 alone 20 million sections of land. Nearby ranchers were paid to light fires, to give new land to extension. This may have appeared to be a decent methodology from the start, as progressively capital might be acquired from the land recovered through dairy cattle farms and so on. In spite of the fact that Our Nature program interceded, it is an association through which the administration attempted to forestall the flames, as the results of these slice and consume methods utilized, are annihilating! The land consumed can't be recaptured, and methane is discharged when the trees are copied which adds to Global Warming. The neighborhood individuals however dont have numerous options the y consume the woods to take care of themselves and grow their dairy cattle farms. In the momentary the landowners brought in cash, yet the woodland endured extreme results. Likewise once Tin Ore was found in the region, there was much more motivation to consume the backwoods and let the mining organizations move in. The mines and Hydro Electric Dams assisted with paying the $18 billion obligation that Brazil owed. So it is conceivable to state that because of the express that the Amazonian district (despite everything delegated a creating area) is in for example in serious obligation, that it was unrealistic to stop them utilizing their assets to help defeat the obligation they owed to different nations. In spite of the fact that interestingly now and again their obligation issue is emphatically utilized, for instance, in 1993 the obligation for-nature-trades happened. Non-administrative preservation bunches have had the option to purchase vigorously limited Third World Debt, offeri ng to discount it if the nation concerned puts resources into protection programs. In the rainforest these zones are supplanted with meadow or cropland, which opens the dirt to the tropi... <!

How Is the Outbreak of the 1905 Revolution Best Explained Essay Sample free essay sample

There are numerous approaches to explain the ejection of the 1905 transformation. the same number of elements contributed towards it. The vast majority of import and significant factor was the various perspectives towards the specialists at the clasp. Mentalities shifted from moderate to 1s of a fierce and most extreme nature. Without the extent of changing mentalities towards the tsarist framework. at that spot would hold been no obstruction going up against the region. The 1905 insurgency was extremely significant. Obstruction towards the tsarist framework dated back decennaries ; by the by individuals in Russia were securing recognizably increasingly more disappointed with their lives and the way their state was run. as Russia began to modernize. The 1905 upset was the principal cut that despot confronted an immediate test from each of the three significant classifications. the provincials. the work and the clerisy and agent. at once. The provincials made up most of Russia’ s populace. of whom Tsar Nicholas II had little fear of. We will compose a custom article test on How Is the Outbreak of the 1905 Revolution Best Explained? Article Sample or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The provincials were gravely hapless and under water from the home loans they had to take out after their liberation in 1861. One of the peasant’s boss inspirations driving their commitment in the 1905 upheaval was fear that the specialists would recover their places. as they had fallen behind on their home loan discounts during financial reduction. The provincials needed change. what's more, were tired of paying expenses to their proprietors and so forth. These fortunes molded the majority’s suppositions of the despot and his specialists. who accepted that the despot was inadequate. In any case. these positions had been held for a long clasp. The provincials turned out to be increasingly displeased with the region as approaches were set up so as to surge up Russia’s modernization. Sergei Witte’s industrialization strategies played an enormous capacity in expanding obstruction towards the specialists. mostly inside the provincials and the work. Witte’s reasons for existing were to raise the capital expected to subsidize industry and the structure of a trans-Siberian railro ad. so as to find Western states. He did this through conveying outsiders to place in Russia and credit him cash. be that as it may, all the more essentially through expanding income improvements and decreasing prizes of the effectively come up short on lower classifications. This immensy affected the lower classes which prompted progressively cultural tumult. exceptionally inside the work. who were at that point exceptionally baffled with the Russian governments. The work were the urban. modern specialists in Russia and were influenced hugely by Witte’s strategies. The laborers were populating in stunning conditions in Russian towns. with a considerable lot of them populating in workhouse-sort of buildings that were grimy and sickness ridden. On this. they were non paid acceptable and were made to work exceptionally extended periods. The work looked for change and increasingly political force. furthermore, were tired of the government’s abusive strategies which denied the fundamental opportunities. for example, opportunity address and a free vitality. A clump of the work were revolutionists. as Revolutionary gatherings, for example, the Social Revolutionaries. who much of the time upset among the laborers. so as to infer more followings who needed to see the tsarist framework ousted. They unnecessarily. considered the to be as clumsy and feeble. Another gathering associated with the 1905 insurgency was the clerisy and the representative. This was the in the middle of classification of 1900s Russia. what's more, comprised of reformers in callings, for example, doctors and attorneies. They were all things considered somewhat wide in their mentalities towards the specialists. who needed a sacred government to be built up. instead of entirely get free ofing the ruler and his specialists. A protected government would in any case observe Nicholas II in power. in any case, would shorten his forces. as a gathering of chose delegates would hold the ability to contradict his considerations. They figured this would give them more force in the way the state was run. which is the thing that their motivations were for revolting in 1905. The most extreme positions were held by the Revolutionaries. The two boss radical gatherings in 1905 were the Social Revolutionaries and the Social Democrats. They had similar purposes. positions and extreme end. while having faith in various manners to achieve it. which was that designed development could just take topographic point if the tsarist framework was savagely ousted. Notwithstanding. these contradicting mentalities were all extreme ly much particular and didn’t genuinely complect. occasions, for example, the Russo-Japanese war and Bloody Sunday were significant in joining the classifications together into an upset. Without these. there may hold been an unrest sooner or later. be that as it may, doubtlessly non in 1905. The Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905. was seen before-hand as a simple triumph against a ‘backward nation’ . The specialists planned to suspend going to from its monetary and cultural difficulties and raise the Russian population’s resolve and expansion degrees of patriotism inside Russia. Truth be told. the war did rather the antonym. as Russia was crushed in an undertaking of hours at the contention of Tsushima. which was a tremendous hit to Russia’s confirmation and caused countrywide shame. People groups accused the licking for the emperor and his ineptitude to oversee Russia. The war was significant as it accelerated the obstruction towards the tsarist framework and bound together them it could be said. as the mortification was a mutual inclination over all the classes. instead of before where the opposition between cultural classifications was extremely much sole. as they were both rankled by various employments. This was the principal cut they were completely disappointed with the experts for a similar ground. be that as it may, is non the a large portion of import ground for the emission of the 1905 unrest. as the restricting situations towards the region inside the classifications were required chief. for there to try and be an occasion that brought together them. Since the cultural classifications were joined with they required a significant occasion to occur. that would warrant an insurgency furthermore sparkle resentment among Russia. This occasion was Bloody Sunday. Ridiculous Sunday was an immediate outcome of perspectives towards the specialists. Grisly Sunday was proposed to be a serene March. driven by Father Gapon. where a solicitation from the laborers was to be given to tsar. begging him to use his approval to ease them of their terrible conditions. as they were securing frantic. The abrupt coming to of massive groups started dread inside the constabulary. who terminated at the groups on the tsar’s orders. Two 100 individuals were executed and many were harmed. The episode was seen as a determined butcher of the unpracticed individual by the tsar’s opposition and seriously harmed the tsar’s previously breaking down notoriety. Ridiculous Sunday brought about countrywide surprise in Russia and was the straight-out reason for the 1905 upheaval. Albeit Bloody Sunday was the prompt reason for the 1905 insurgency. it’s non the greater part of import ground for the upheaval. Apparently. the difficult of the tsarist framework was essentially making a trip to go on. Bleeding Sunday or non. as the perspectives of the Russian individuals were drawing nearer intruding on point from the humiliating licking of Russian in the war against Japan. which is the vast majority of import ground for the ejection of the 1905 upheaval. as it practically bound together the classes in obstruction.

The French Wars of Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The French Wars of Religion - Essay Example The famous and scholarly, denominational reflection on otherworldly issues and the presentation by the Catholic church that it held a ground-breaking position in regards to profound issues plunged France out and about of contention. Wars of religion started in 1562 and proceeded up to the hour of Edict Nantes in 1598. It was the fighting that destroyed age, despite the fact that battled in erratic and uncertain way. These wars happened in France for a long time, instead of the hundred years of battling, they contained arrangement of wars rather one contradiction on the confession booth question. As indicated by Benedict (2004), these wars comprised essentially of common wars between the Protestants considered Huguenots and the Catholics that came about in such a great amount of gore in France. What's more, the French respectable class of the place of Bourbons and place of Guise was associated with the lethal war that went on for a long time. Students of history have ascribed this fig ht as an intermediary between a Protestant, Queen Elizabeth I of England and King Philip II of Spain, every one of these individuals are said to have contributed militarily and monetarily to this war. At the time the war started, the Huguenots were the minority in that they included distinctly of 7% of the French populace (Berce, 1990). Be that as it may, by geological mishap, they ended up in a reasonable situation to battle when the war started. This war was quite a bit of a political clash as a strict fight. The primary clash was between the ruler and the imperial families who were Catholics and the dissent battle to have the option to revere deliberately and openly tangled with this political clash. In France, the state and religion were bound together by people’s experience and psyche. There was no separation between the private and open, community and individual religion.

The role of computers in teaching and learning Essay

The job of PCs in educating and learning - Essay Example An educator can utilize a white board likewise to show and upgrade learning experience. Another reality is if an understudy composes while he is contemplating the idea gets put away in his brain in a superior way. The idea creator is attempting to clarify here is that structured instructional media can just assistance and bolster an educator in his instructing. This can be additionally clarified by the way that things said by an educator are better clarified and comprehended when pictures are utilized to represent them utilizing structured instructional media. The last point raised by the creator here is, the planned instructional media’s viability relies on the instructor implying that how well the educator is utilizing every one of these assistants to accomplish his goal. To ensure that the PC and its peripherals are in a decent working condition the most ideal route is to check up everything. The initial step is ensure that the PC isn't arranged in a disconnected spot and the spot isn't extremely hot. PCs ought to be set in places where cross ventilation is acceptable. A test ought to be made to ensure all the equipment gadgets are in acceptable working condition each wire is effectively connected. The similarity of gadgets is extremely essential or other insightful a PC can have programming issues while running. It ought to be ensured that all the jumpers are associated in their legitimate attachments. Each time the PC runs it ought to be appropriately booted and a legitimate system for closing it down ought to be followed. Innovation has given each field on the planet a lift or a stage forward. A similar case is for educating and learning. Innovation gives us significant help in learning and educating things. PC has reformed the world since it appeared. PC has experienced development itself and caused mankind to feel its quality too. Individuals have begun depending on PCs an extraordinary arrangement which can be seen all over the place.

The Main Takeaways From the NYT Modern Love College Essay Winners - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

The Main Takeaways From the NYT Modern Love College Essay Winners - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts The Main Takeaways From the NYT Modern Love College Essay Winners The Main Takeaways From the NYT Modern Love College Essay Winners “You can blame it all on Percocet.” This is the opening line of the winner of The New York Times “Modern Love” college contest. Out of 2,000 entries from college students from all across the country, there was one winner and four finalists; all of the essays were published in The New York Times. The winning essay, “The Physics of Forbidden Love”, by Malcolm Conner of Trinity College, is a great resource for familiarizing yourself with what success looks like in an essay. The four finalists’ essays are great reads as well, and we encourage you to read, re-read, and learn from them before beginning the process of penning your own  essay for college, the college admissions essay! One gem you can definitely glean from these essays is how to get the reader’s attention with your opening line. (See the first line of this blog. I want to know more; don’t you?!) There are many takeaways from these essays. Here are just a few of them: Tell the story only you can tell. Your story should be unique and offer insight into your life and background. Admissions Officers are looking for students who authentically stand out from the crowd, and these teens did just that, stand out. For example: The winning essay is about a transgender man who falls in love with an Indian heritage woman in his physics class. One of the finalists, “My (So-Called) Instagram Life”, is a story about a woman who tries unsuccessfully to live up to the image she’s created for herself online. Another essay, “White Shirt, Black Name Tag, Big Secret”, is about a Mormon missionary and his journey to reveal a secret, only to find that the other missionary carries the same secret, too. Details, details (and more details, please). These winning essays and your winning essay should be filled with specific details to help the reader see, hear, and feel what’s happening in the story. Here are a few examples from the college essay winner and finalists: “Except for the pain in his eyes, he looked good: tan and wiry with wild blue eyes and an all-in smile. It was weird to see him not wearing his white shirt, tie and black name tag, but it was just as weird for me not to be wearing mine.” “There was a time when I swore in front of my friends and said grace in front of my grandmother. When I wore lipstick after seeing “Clueless,” and sneakers after seeing “Remember the Titans.” When I flipped my hair every way, ate ice cream out of anything, and wore coats of all types and colors.” “With my Midwest accent, ratty Packers sweater and frozen-tilapia complexion, I was the antithesis of the son-in-law they hoped for.” We at CEA love helping you tell your best stories. The writing skills you hone when you write an admissions essay are useful far beyond the admissions process and go way beyond one essay. We’ve had students tell us that their grades improved in AP Literature or they had an easier time writing essays for classes. We’ve had students improve their grammar, structure, and syntax so that there are no distractions from telling their greatest stories. Also, these winning essays are a reminder that there are opportunities to submit and share your stories. Who knows, maybe you’ll be submitting to The New York Times in a few years as well. In the meantime, take a deep breath, grab your favorite tea, and enjoy the essays written by current college students. About Sharon CooperView all posts by Sharon Cooper »

How to Make a Poster Tips and Tricks

You can make beautiful, attention-grabbing, full-size posters with Lucidpress. These tips will show you how to make a poster with photos, colors & text, no matter what you're promoting. Use the following guidelines to take your poster from "okay" to "excellent." Related: 18 cool & creative poster ideas Ready to design your poster?Create a free account to follow along. Get started, it's free or sign up with google By signing up you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy 1. Find appropriate images Start with a single, core image you want to build your poster around. This image should match the content of your message—go seasonal for a holiday party, mouthwatering for a bake sale, or exotic for a travel poster. If you have to print large-scale posters, it's important to use a high-quality image for optimal results. Make sure your photo has been saved to at least 300 pixels per inch. There are several online options for stock photography. Paying sites with a large selection of images include Shutterstock and Getty Images. For a source of free stock images, try Freerange Stock. The photo below is from Unsplash, a site that started by posting 10 art-quality photos every ten days. If you use multiple photographs or graphical elements in your poster, try unifying them with a color scheme (for instance, all black-and-white) or matching sizes. The wait is over: Unsplash is here. Access 1,000,000+ professional stock photos FREE with our new Unsplash integration. Now you'll always have the perfect picture to complete your next project. Learn more>>> In Lucidpress, add images by dragging the Image icon from the left-hand Content bar to your canvas. This will open the Image Manager, where you can upload your saved images or use photos from your Facebook or Dropbox albums. You can also turn on image integrations like Bing Image Search and Unsplash. 2. Choose complementary fonts A common pitfall for new designers is using too many fonts and font styles, creating a cluttered, hard-to-read look. Classic posters can maximize the impact of a single font. Remember that your audience has to be able to read and understand your poster from several feet away, at a glance. In Lucidpress, you can enable hundreds of different free fonts in the Font Manager. Access this with your text highlighted from the Properties bar. These are divided into families, like Serif, Sans Serif, Retro and Calligraphy. Start with a simple, easy-to-read font like Aller, Liberation Sans or Droid Serif. Once you have the text as you want it, you can play with the font, size & character spacing. These options are available in the right-hand dock under Text. How to make a poster in Lucidpress For an in-depth, user-friendly overview of typeface mechanics, check out this page by Thinking with Type. Being able to compare the x-height, ligatures and weight of two fonts will help you create a professional-looking poster. Keep in mind that typeface mixtures can be tricky. When combining two typefaces, make sure they contrast—for instance, in this Casablanca poster, the actors' first names are in script while the last names are in a bold serif typeface. 3. Determine text placement Posters are visual documents, and where you put your text matters. The audience's eye will be drawn to the center of your poster, so it's likely that you'll place your main message near the center. Alternatively, a bold image can be placed in the center with details in the header and footer. Whatever you do, don't consign your message to the margins of your poster. Another engaging visual scheme is to align all your text to one side. Below are two examples of posters with the text aligned to the right. This unifies the text and makes it easier to absorb the poster's message. It creates a good visual form because text is as much a visual element of a poster as the images. A good rule of thumb is that 72-pt font is 1 inch high when printed. The most important message of your poster should be in the largest font. You can add vertical and horizontal guides by right-clicking your canvas in Lucidpress. 4. Make a statement with color Posters with beautiful colors engage our senses and invite us to look longer. Your audience will get a starkly different feeling if you use bright hues instead of black & white, or overlapping transparent shapes instead of bold geometric ones. Match the colors to your message, and remember that a well-designed poster can make an impact with just a handful of shades. Try using a convenient online tool for saving color palettes which then you can import to Lucidpress. For instance, if you save a color scheme in Adobe Color, you can see a color's hexadecimal value, then specify that value in the Fill box in the Properties bar. This can be applied to shapes, text or the background of your document. 5. Trim down your message The length of your messaging largely depends on the purpose of the poster. A movie poster may be limited to the title, the tagline, and the names of the actors. Decorative posters may not have text at all while scientific research posters could contain 500 words or more. Ask yourself: What is the most important takeaway for my audience? Once you've written a summary of what you're advertising, whittle it down to headline style. For example, if you're a member of a band who's making a poster for your show, make sure to include the venue, the date and time, and any opening acts. Brevity is the soul of poster copywriting. When you use a cloud-based layout editor, designing a poster is simple. Lucidpress has several poster templates which you can use to advertise events, promotions and even films. Ready to make your own poster? These free poster templates are a great starting point.

The Development of Liberalism throught the Ages - 1377 Words

In this paper, an attempt has been made to capture the journey from classical liberalism and its transformation down the ages. The idea of liberalism originated in Europe with the thoughts of political philosophers like J.S. Mill, Herbert Spencer, John Locke. They were of the opinion that state activities can regulate an individual in so far as it aids towards his self expression and individual action. They also said that states were supposed to help economic transaction by controlling the basic norms yet leaving room for individual expression. They had contrary opinions to Marx’s idea of a state where individuals are equal and everybody gets the same benefits. Liberalists are more inclined towards capitalists as they propagate the idea of individuality, individual choices affecting one’s disposition in society. In the works of Nietsze, Foucault, we see the tendency to emphasise on self as the centre of existence. They do not entirely deny state but consider state actio n as an important regulation for self expression. Nietsze also focuses on culture as a means of expressing oneself. However his idea of culture supports the aristocratic perspective where it separates an individual from the masses. Liberalists have been vocal about the idea of laissez-faire or free market. The idea stems from the conception that one needs equality of status before they become diverse as individuals. Hence to abolish innate shortcomings, the market should be opened to all to set aShow MoreRelatedNationalism and Transnationalism in the Context of the European Union28567 Words   |  115 PagesUnion are something that have to do with their rights and duties, with their identity. As the president of the European Commission, Romano Prodi in his speech: The Road to Europe s Future† in Brussels, 7th November 2000 insisted, the further development of the Union has to be based on gradually building a shared feeling of belonging among â€Å"peacefully united Europe em bracing all its diverse peoples.†[8] From the perspective of public opinion, it seems as though the European integration

Biography of Mata Hari, Infamous World War I Spy

Mata Hari (August 7, 1876–October 15, 1917) was a Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan who was arrested by the French and executed for espionage during World War I. After her death, her stage name Mata Hari became synonymous with spying and espionage. Fast Facts: Mata Hari Known For: Working as a  spy  for  Germany  during  World War IAlso Known As: Margaretha Geertruida Zelle; Lady MacLeodBorn: August 7, 1876 in Leeuwarden,  The NetherlandsParents: Adam Zelle, Antje van der MeulenDied: October 15, 1917 in Paris,  FranceSpouse: Rudolf John MacLeod (m.  1895—1906)Children: Norman-John MacLeod, Louise Jeanne MacLeodNotable Quote: Death is nothing, nor life either, for that matter. To die, to sleep, to pass into nothingness, what does it matter? Everything is an illusion. Early Life Mata Hari was born Margaretha Geertruida Zelle in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, on August 7, 1876, as the first of four children. Zelles father was a hat maker by trade, but having invested well in oil, he had enough money to spoil his only daughter. At only 6 years old, Zelle became the talk of the town when she traveled in a goat-drawn carriage that her father had given her. In school, Zelle was known to be flamboyant, often appearing in new, flashy dresses. However, Zelles world changed drastically when her family went bankrupt in 1889 and her mother died two years later. Family Breakup After her mothers death, the Zelle family was split up and Zelle, now 15, was sent to Sneek to live with her godfather, Mr. Visser. Visser decided to send Zelle to a school that trained kindergarten teachers so that shed have a career. At the school, the headmaster Wybrandus Haanstra became enchanted by Zelle and pursued her. When a scandal broke out, Zelle was asked to leave the school, so she went to live with her uncle, Mr. Taconis, in The Hague. Marriage  and Divorce In March 1895, while still staying with her uncle, 18-year-old Zelle became engaged to Rudolph John MacLeod after answering a personal ad in the newspaper. (The ad had been placed as a joke by MacLeods friend.) MacLeod was a 38-year-old officer on home leave from the Dutch East Indies, where he had been stationed for 16 years. On July 11, 1895, the two were married. They spent much of their married life living in the tropics of Indonesia where money was tight, isolation was difficult, and Johns rudeness and Zelles youth caused serious friction in their marriage. Zelle and John had two children together, Norman-John MacLeod and Louise Jeanne MacLeod. Both children became quite ill in June 1899. Norman-John died at age 2, but Louise Jeanne survived and lived until 1919. Zelle and John suspected the children may have been poisoned by a disgruntled servant. In 1902, the couple moved back to The Netherlands and soon separated. Their divorce became final in 1906. Off to Paris Zelle decided to go to Paris for a new start. Without a husband, career, and money, Zelle used her experiences in Indonesia to create a new persona, one who donned jewels, smelled of perfume, spoke occasionally in Malay, danced seductively, and often wore very few clothes. She made her dancing debut in a salon and instantaneously became a success. When reporters and others interviewed her, Zelle continually added to the mystique that surrounded her by spinning fantastic, fictionalized stories about her background, including being a Javanese princess and daughter of a baron. To sound more exotic, she took the stage name Mata Hari, Malayan for eye of the day (the sun). Famous Dancer and Courtesan Zelle became famous. All things oriental were in fashion in Paris, and Zelles exotic looks added to her mystique. Zelle danced at both private salons and later at large theaters. She danced at ballets and operas. She was invited to large parties and traveled extensively. She also took a number of lovers (often military men from various countries) who were willing to provide her financial support in exchange for her company. Espionage, Capture, and Execution Zelle was no longer a sleek dancer when in 1916 she started to spy for France during World War I. She was actually 40 years old at the time, and her time as a dancer was long behind her. She fell in love with a Russian captain, Vladimir de Masloff, who was sent to the front and became injured. Zelle wanted to support him financially, so she accepted an offer to spy for France in mid-1916. France thought her courtesan contacts would be of use to its intelligence operation. She began to meet with German contacts. She provided the French with little useful information and may have begun to work for Germany as a double agent. The French eventually intercepted a German cable that named a spy code-named H-21, clearly a code name for Mata Hari. The French became convinced that she was a spy and arrested her on Feb. 13, 1917. She was accused of spying for Germany, causing the deaths of at least 50,000 soldiers, and was put on trial in July 1917. After a short trial conducted in private in front of a military court, she was found guilty of spying for Germany and sentenced to death by firing squad. The French executed Zelle on Oct. 15, 1917. She was 41 years old. Legacy During World War I, Zelles frequent traveling across international borders and her varied companions caused several countries to wonder if she was a spy or even a double-agent. Many people who met her say that she was sociable but just not smart enough to pull off such a feat. The notion that Zelle was an exotic dancer who used her powers of seduction to extract military secrets was false. She was years past her prime as a dancer by the time she agreed to serve as a spy for France—and possibly for Germany. Zelle maintained her innocence up until the time of her death. Sources Shipman, Pat. â€Å"Why Mata Hari Wasnt a Cunning Spy After All.†Ã‚  The History Behind the Killing of Mata Hari, 14 Oct. 2017. NationalGeographic.com.â€Å"Mata Hari.†Ã‚  Biography.com, AE Networks Television, 19 Apr. 2019.The Execution of Mata Hari, 1917. Eyewitnesstohistory.com.

The Importance Of Leadership Integrity - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1199 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Integrity Essay Did you like this example? It is well known that becoming a leader requires multiple characters, such as vision, mission, influence and strong communication skills. The more characters, the more successful of a leader. Among these good characters, which one the fundamental feature and crucial importance is worth people discussing. According to Dwight D Eisenhower, the late American president, without integrity, there is no real success wherever in any group in the society (D, BrainyQuote.com., n.d.). What is integrity? It is the quality of being honest and morally upright. (Hornby, 1989, p.777). Integrity itself is a good character which may not able to create a strong leader. However, if a leader lack of integrity it would bring injustice and limitation to the organization. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Importance Of Leadership Integrity" essay for you Create order In this report, I will discuss some scenes regarding the importance of integrity in leadership. Discussion Analysis Integrity in leadership which represents several characters such as honesty and justice. It is more like a high moral standard that a leader who comply with in the organization. Therefore, as Drucker (2004) said, the leader is admired through the good personality, which the character that sets the example to the subordinates. Firstly, honesty, it is a particularly true factor of integrity. And this character will build the trust between the team member and leader. It stands for always telling the truth no matter how powerful the person is. When people watching the movie Invictus, a good role model of honesty is demonstrated by late president Nelson Mandela. After having spent over 27 years in jail when he is released from prison. Mandela then is elected as the first black president of South Africa. What he aims to do is to eliminate the racial division between black and white people in his country. He knows exactly that the black people in his country were cheering for the team who against the Springboks (South Africa country rugby team). While the most of white people on the opposite. And he remarks that he did the same while he was a prisoner. He could hide this point or keep silence according to his purpose is to unite the whole country. On one hand, as a black president who needs the support from black people to show he is one of them. On the other hand, Mandela also needs to get the recognition from white people to show his leadership. Under this tough situation, Mandela choose not to lie on this, even this may destroy the relationship with white folks. By telling the truth he still inspires the nation to cheer on Springboks as a whole team (Eastwood, 2007). His frankness of manner makes him a successful and effective leader. In this case, South Africa people would trust Mandela who is willing to tell the truth no matter under any situation. Only when people know their leader is honest and they can trust the leader, they will doing the better job in the team. It is noted by Sadler (2003), by follow their leader a s example, good leader always shows the team how to behave like the role model. With the trust build by each other, people are easier to motivate and enhance the productivity. In addition, Justice is another factor of integrity when revealing to people in workgroup. If a leader without justice but has the power to deal with in the group. It will influence the decision of employees willing of working in the organization. It is said in Druckers (2010) statement that people should evaluate the character of the top management when considering a job offer. For instance, when I was working at Cisco as a sales manager in 2008, my team has 12 subordinates. According to the companys policy, all the promotions and pay raise to employees should be evaluated by their performance on annual basis. And then submitted by their direct manager for approval. My manager denied the application I submitted for a reason of no budget allocated that year. As the matter of fact, there was one person in my team but who is not on the list got promoted directly from my manager. This results in half of the team members left the team within three months, which they thought it was unfair for my manager to appointed someone without notification and evaluation. Also, they were upset about that management team could break the policy by the power they have. In this case, my manager did not show the team integrity. According to Tracy (2014), leaders with integrity always on the side of fairness. How leader demonstrate the justice will have different impact on the team. There is an episode in the movie Invictus (2007), the first day when Mandela works in the office, he says to the white officers that he will work with them instead of layoff those white people. Which makes the other black people hard to understand why their new president would do this. But Mandela says to the white folks that they can work in the new government, and they will not be treated differently because of the language or skin color. Therefore, most of the white people stay and even Mandelas security team has white colleagues. The team members respect their leaders professionalism and justice. Integrity plays an important role when a companys development has conflict with social benefit. It will show the society how the leader thinks of ethical responsibility. Every business needs to develop and earn a profit, the leader is the one who leads members to that end. When the business profit impacts the social benefit, people are looking at the leader to take responsibility for the results. Moreover, this is related to the integrity and ethical responsibility. For example, Facebook is one of the famous social media company and has a large number of customers. The founder Zuckerberg once posts to say that Facebook is creating an ideal kingdom. It is pointed out by Harvard professor that the truth is not like that. The platform displays the spreading of lies and hate. Zuckerberg apologized to Congress on the data leaking, hate speech and spreading fake news (Cullen, 2018). He admits it is Facebooks responsibility that not do enough to prevent the platform from being used for the bad purpose. Compared with the shrinkage of market value, its reputation loss has far-reaching effects. This also sounds the alarm for other business companies and reveal s the importance of the leader to assume social responsibility. Conclusion It is integrity makes success, as Huntsman (2008) said no matter in personal life or in business, there is no shortcut, which integrity is the foundation of doing things. Leaders should keep their promises and always telling truth even in the tough time. If they cannot do this, it is difficult to have the team to follow with them. Because team members may lose the confidence and doubt the leader would cheat on them. Just as the case happened in my team, the consequence was not as good as the company wanted to see. In the future, as a leader I would keep the transparent to team members, let everyone in the team knows the process and what is going on in the team. Show respect and try to get more benefit for them within the position allowed.

Robert Frost s Design As Seen Through The Lens Of His...

James Giltenan LTCM Erik Gray TA: Michael West 26 October 2016 Robert Frost’s â€Å"Design† as Seen Through the Lens of His Earlier Poem â€Å"Range-Finding† In Robert Frost’s â€Å"Design,† written in 1922, the narrator laments the juxtaposition of life and death that he bears witness to when he sees a spider on a heal-all flower carrying the dead moth it has killed. He uses a modified Italian or Petrarchan sonnet, punctuation, repetition of rhyme and diction, repetition of anomaly, and repetition of the same rhyme in both the octave and the sestet, to convey that death is a question that cannot be answered and that the only solution, the only answer, is to continue to ponder over it. While it is a question that cannot be answered, it must be questioned anyway. He uses symbols he has drawn from in earlier works, as well as his experience playing with the form of the Petrarchan sonnet in the past, to help shed light on the importance of this. Using a modified Petrarchan sonnet, Frost is able to use the formal r hyme scheme in the first eight lines, called the octave, of abb/aab/ba. While the rhyme scheme of the second six lines of the poem, called the sestet, follows less stringent guidelines, Frost uses that of ac/aa/cc, which is extraordinary in that it carries over the â€Å"a† of the octave’s rhyme scheme and introduces it into the rhyme scheme of the sestet. Usually the sestet introduces new rhymes of â€Å"c† and â€Å"d† but Frost chooses to only introduce one new rhyme to its scheme, that ofShow MoreRelatedBackground Inditex, One of the Worlds Largest Fashion Distributors, Has Eight Major Sales Formats - Zara, Pull and Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho, Zara Home Y Kiddys Class- with 3.147 Stores in 70100262 Words   |  402 Pagesto reprint materials in this book provided that the reprint is for educational or other non-profit purposes and provided that the reprint contains a clear reference to the original material. Published in 2009 b y IIIEE, Lund University, P.O. Box 196, S-221 00 LUND, Sweden, Tel: +46 – 46 222 02 00, Fax: +46 – 46 222 02 10, e-mail: iiiee@iiiee.lu.se. Printed by KFS AB, Lund. ISSN 1402-3016 ISBN 978-91-88902-46-7 Acknowledgements They say that the process of completing a PhD is a journey. For meRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording , or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

The Article, The Land Ethic Free Essays

While wading through the reserved reading in the library, I came across the article, â€Å"The Land Ethic†, which caught my eye, as well as sparked an interest deep within me. It revealed the idea that we, as humans, tend to be quite caught up in the idea of community; community between neighbors, co-workers, etc. seems to be something we strive for in our society. We will write a custom essay sample on The Article, The Land Ethic or any similar topic only for you Order Now It seems that we have not integrated the land into our idea of community, and I feel that this is a serious problem that if not treated, will continue to grow and strive until the land turns into the â€Å"dead nothing† many people of today†s society feel it to be. I had been put face to face with the fact that I was one of those careless and self-involved members of our race. Having never thought of the concept of â€Å"land ethics†, I realized that it is very likely that many other people have yet to know of it either. This is a present conservation problem which worries me more than I have ever thought a simple article could be able to do to me. As the author of this revelation piece, Aldo Leopold (1966), stated in his article, that we need to change our â€Å"human role from conqueror, to a member of the land community†. This is vital for the future existence of an Earth that is habitable and non-toxic. Many people claim that they have ethics in their work place, or in general life practices. I have yet, however, had the pleasure of seeing many people proclaiming their ethics about the treatment of this planet. I have yet to see a serious and unwavering campaign to stop placing ourselves so high up the evolutionary ladder that the fate of the world we live in, will eventually crumble, as will our race and every other animal along with us. Michael Soule stated in his article, â€Å"What is Conservation Biology†(1985), that we cannot change the past, but we can modify the rate at which our land and species are being destroyed. Although in recent years, we have seen more legal responses toward conservation issues, such as establishments of national parks, our attempts are not being fully developed due to the lack of education. Although there is some level of awareness of the vandalism we are acting out onto our earth, there is less being said to members of our society on what they can do to reverse, change, or slow down the process of destruction. How can this be changed? This issue needs a bigger voice in today†s media. It is seen as something that, if we forget, may go away. This is simply causing the situation to worsen. The longer it takes for society to accept the land as part of their community, the longer the land will be destroyed, and the more difficult it will be to heal. As each generation passes, our technology and research continues to grow, and find more problems facing our land; things are not getting any better as time moves on. A possible addition to the small amount of education currently being done in this country, is the teaching of basic conservation science classes in elementary school; maybe if we start now, their generation will be brought up to mother the earth that has nurtured them. Other helpful additions include the passing of new city ordinances which would make it mandatory that businesses recycle, and teaching farmers alternative ways to take care of their crops, such as using bats instead of pesticides to keep insects off of their plants. Each culture responds differently to the problems our world is facing. Each generation is hopefully one step closer to saving this planet. We, as the human race, need to adopt the idea of cooperating with our land, rather than competing in a free for all game of greed and ownership towards it (Leopold, 1966). More education, a louder and more permanent voice in the media, and more legal regulations will hopefully further our ability to right the wrongs that have been done to our earth. With time we may be able to save our planet and the animals which inhabit it, including ourselves. How to cite The Article, The Land Ethic, Papers

Siberian Husky free essay sample

Having a Siberian husky would be cool to have. I’ve been thinking about how awesome they look. When I saw the movie â€Å"Eight Below† on Disney channel. I just have to have a Siberian husky one day. A Siberian husky would make a great pet for me. Siberian huskies are smart and can be trained easily if done early. Older dogs are harder to train from what I heard. Pups are easier and if I get a puppy I must plan to spend time training it to be the dog I want. Training them when they’re just a puppy will make it easier than when they’re older. It’ll take time to train them when they’re older. Lastly Siberian huskies are easier to train when they are puppies. The Siberian husky is a very sweet loving and playful dog. They’re very good with children and a great family pet. We will write a custom essay sample on Siberian Husky or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They are also friendly with strangers, they are not watchdogs, for they bark little, and love everyone. Siberian husky is very playful that I would love to have. They are high energy dog, especially when young. Finally, those are the reason Siberian husky is a very sweet loving and playful dog. Siberian huskies are a wonderful companion dogs. They will be by your side when danger occurs. If you have a little time during the day to give them, they will do whatever you are up for. They are one of the healthiest breeds today; therefore, you will have a healthy companion for many years to come. The Siberian husky’s get along with other animals so they don’t cause you problem. Lastly, they are a wonderful companion dogs that I would love to have. After watching â€Å"Eight Below,† I just have to get a Siberian husky as my pet. Therefore, I really find them interesting. I like the way they look and I think they’ll make good companions. I would rather have a Siberian husky dog than any other dogs. I like how they are different and that is why I want one.

The Scarlet Letter Differences Between Book And free essay sample

The Scarlet Letter ( Differences Between Book And Movie ) Essay, Research Paper When novels are made into films, they are frequently changed to suit the times or the manager? s wants. Story lines, scenes, and even idiosyncrasies of the characters may be changed. The Scarlet Letter is no exclusion. In the 1995 version starring Demi Moore as Hester Prynne, the narrative line is changed in several parts to heighten the emotion and impact of the movie. Most of the similarities between the book and the film are found toward the center of the film and the bulk of the disagreements were at the beginning and terminal of the movie. The beginning of the film begins really otherwise from the book. The film opens with a treatment between the town? s magistrates and a local Indian folk. Then we see Hester? s reaching from England. The book, nevertheless, Begins much later with Hester? s precession from prison. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scarlet Letter Differences Between Book And or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The film is told through the eyes of Pearl, while the book is tells the narrative in 3rd individual. Unlike the novel, the film shows how Hester Prynne and Reverend Dimmesdale meet, autumn in love, and their matter. In the film, but non in the book, Mistress Hibbins and Hester go friends. Subsequently in the film we see Hester? s hubby? s advancement after being kidnapped by the Indians. In the novel, we are non introduced to Chillingworth until he arrives in the town. In the center of the movie we see many similarities. Hester? s penalties were the same. Reverend Dimmesdale punishes himself in both narratives. The idiosyncrasies of the characters are the same. Chillingworth discovers who Pearl? s male parent is and efforts to destruct him. Dimmesdale and Hester meet in the forests to state of their love for each other. The movie ends with another group of differences. There is a test in the movie of Mistress Hibbins who is accused of being a enchantress. This does non happen in the book. The film ends with Hester and Dimmesdale run off together, while the book does non. Despite all the differences that were present in the film, the basic thought of the book was brought through to the audience. The chief difference between the two narratives is the sum of clip covered. The fresh Begins with Hester in prison, while the fresh Begins long before that with Hester? s reaching. The movie was a good reading of Nathaniel Hawthorne? s narrative.

Wine Research Paper Topics

Wine Research Paper TopicsWine research paper topics often involve vineyards and wine production. It's the author's job to describe in detail each aspect of the subject matter, and when the writing is done they submit it for peer review. Usually the quality of peer review of this type of paper varies between high and low. Why do the judges think that way?The first thing to understand is that the kind of material that the judges evaluate research papers for is similar to the kind of material that the authors must describe for the paper to be accepted. This is not due to a lack of materials. As a matter of fact, the more data that is available the better. However, those data are assessed on how well they help the writer in making their case. If the material used to support a claim is too biased then it will not be accepted.Once the writers have completed the various tasks they need to do to prepare the article for publication they submit it for review. The normal process is to read the work that has been submitted, check the research for validity, and then accept or reject the paper. The reviewers are also looking for consistency in the style and structure of the paper. If the style is too traditional it won't get accepted.The traditional structure is one of the most important factors for the judge to consider when making their evaluation. When the judge reads an article that appears unstructured and does not follow any specific writing pattern that is read as too formal or too informal.Before the entire review process begins with a number of reviewers read the paper and provide comments about the article. These comments might not be the same as the ones you received during the peer review, but they are typically considered in the process of final decision. These comments may include comments about the importance of the topic, the amount of data given, or even whether it is ofinterest.Some wine research paper topics are too broad and it is difficult to make a jud gment. Other topics have specific areas that must be covered and the reviews will focus on those aspects.The topics that the judges consider most are generally the ones that involve the characteristics of the grape varieties and study subjects. There is usually a bit of controversy over what varieties are good for different regions, which is why it is recommended that the researcher find the specific grapes that are good for what types of climates.The reviewer usually considers the subject matter of the paper before making their final decision and only if there is a clear consensus that there is specific data supporting the claims. There is no need to look for a specific piece of evidence unless the reviewer can't decide how to proceed. Without the evidence the judge can only determine whether the claim that is presented is supported by the data that has been presented.

Can a Book Be a Source For a College Essay?

Can a Book Be a Source For a College Essay?Can a book be a source for a college essay? This may seem like a ridiculous question, but in reality there are several reasons a book could be used as an essay writing guide. In the end it really depends on the essay topic, the writer and the situation.College essays are the cornerstone of any college program. These papers are often lengthy and can include many points to be argued. Usually students will study for several hours each day in order to write their final high school paper. Preparing a final essay is an all consuming task.It's not uncommon for college essays to go above the head of the student. In a normal course they are sent back for revision and may not ever see the light of day again. Students are still faced with the daunting task of trying to submit their work to the instructor for their grade. There is a wide range of college essay writing guides available on the market today.However, college essays also demand the student t o be well prepared and well organized. When writing a paper, you must have proper research materials and research methods in place before even starting the assignment. A good college writing guide may provide a small handful of writing strategies that would otherwise be impossible to implement.One of the main reasons a book is a good source for an essay is because it will provide a very clear outline of what a topic will entail. You can easily access the outline and check it over before you begin writing. Many writing guides are written from a more professional perspective and therefore will provide you with much better research techniques than a self-published book. A well written book will save you a lot of time.Another reason a book can be a good source for an essay is because the content is often already edited. A book that has been through the editing process will be more accurate. Many professors utilize this style of book and only ask that you proofread your work. While the p rofessor may not always accept your work, it's typically easier to correct a book that has already gone through the editing process.If you are looking for college essays to write, you don't need to look further than your local bookstore. These books tend to offer more of a thorough outline of the topics and will provide a very specific order of steps. This is a great way to get the most out of a book.Can a book be a source for a college essays? Yes, it does and this will vary depending on the topic. A book should be considered as an asset but be sure to proofread before you start writing.

Choosing the Best Self Harm Essay Topics

Choosing the Best Self Harm Essay TopicsAre you trying to choose the best self harm essay topics for your school work? There are many different things to consider.First, what are the important goals you have in your life? If you want to make your own success in life, then self-harm is a good idea. If you want to achieve an interest that will help you meet goals, then writing an essay on self-harm can be a good idea.Secondly, it is important to think about the different situations you can consider. If you have been affected by self-harm yourself, then why not write an essay on the subject? Or if you are a counselor, then write about ways to help people deal with the pain of self-harm.Third, ask yourself what kind of topics will be easiest for you to write? Do you know enough about different types of topics to choose the ones that are appropriate for you? Writing an essay on self-harm can be a tough subject for some people, but they can still write about the topic if they feel they kno w enough about it.Fourth, ask your academic teachers. They may know someone who uses self-harm and can give you advice about it.Fifth, don't forget to include a signature line at the end of your essay. This is a brief paragraph telling your audience about your unique experiences writing the essay.Finally, use all the help you can get when it comes to choosing the best self harm essay topics. The Internet is full of information about the subject and you will be able to find more information that will help you write a good one. Use all the tools available to you to write a good one.

Shakespeares The Tragedy of Othello The Words and Actions of Iago

The works, created by William Shakespeare, always amaze the reader and open a new world, full of dreams, devotion, love, and betrayal to them. Each character, introduced in Shakespeare’s plays, is unique indeed: one character may be rich, another can be poor; one of the characters is smart, another is full; some of them are quite happy for a certain period of time, and some of them cannot find their love and happiness during all their fictional lives. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello: The Words and Actions of Iago specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To my mind, one of the most complex, captivating, and, at the same time, the most evil characters in Shakespeare’s plays is Iago from The Tragedy of Othello. Nowadays, the screenwriters try to present the best villains ever, however only few fictional characters may be compared to Iago. One of such fictional char acters, who may be compared to Iago, is the Joker from The Dark Knight. Each action and each word by Iago or Joker has its own sense and reason. In order to achieve the desirable purpose, they try to weight every detail and control the lives and actions of people around. Shakespeare made his character an absolutely amoral person, who can steal, lie, or even kill to achieve the goal. Iago’s amorality, his desire to have more power, and his tricks have much in common with the Joker’s actions and turn out to be the best examples of pure evil people from fictions. Shakespeare’s Othello is one of the most powerful pieces of writing, where the author concentrates more on people, their desires, and qualities than on the historical facts and political affairs; characters’ sexual anxiety is far from any political aspiration (Corns, 53). Without any doubts, the character of Iago is one of the most crucial one in the Shakespeare’s play. When someone wants t o know how evil looks like, it is better to think about Iago, remember his â€Å"honest† actions, and get a clear understanding that evil may be somewhere near. â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him.† (Shakespeare, 1, 1, 42). These Iago’s words take place almost at the beginning of the play during the conversation between Iago and Roderigo about Othello, the Moorish general. In spite of the fact that Iago is one of the soldiers under Othello’s command, Iago has rather evil intentions and the desire to take up Othello’s position and does not afraid to share them with another person. From these words, it becomes clear that Iago is upset with unfair promotion; he cannot agree to the idea that now, he is under command of a person, he does not respect at all. Now, he wants to revenge, he wants to be promoted, and he is going to find some people to assist him. Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Iago’s actions are smart enough: first, he should be sure that the person, he shares his goals, feels the same antipathy to Othello; second, he does not share all his secrets, just those, he finds not too much harmful; and, finally, he chooses only those people, he is able to control and even blackmail. It is necessary to admit that Iago’s amorality and evil do not prevent the reader to be amazed with Iago’s intelligence and abilities to control situation. For example, Iago is aware of Roderigo’s feelings to Desdemona and is sure that Roderigo will do anything to win this lady. This is why Iago finds it rather helpful to use Roderigo’s money and jewels for own goals – â€Å"thus do I ever make my fool my purse† (Shakespeare, 1, 3, 383). Of course, such actions cannot be regarded as good ones, but still, Iago demonstrates the best qualities of a really good businessman. The end of the play is rather tragic, and all actions by Iago were exposed. The reader does not have an opportunity to find out what the Iago’s end is, but still, his end is almost obvious – evil actions should be punished properly. To my mind, such concepts like briberies and corruptions, which are so popular nowadays, are grounded a bit from this very work by Shakespeare. Of course, Shakespeare is not the only one, who is able to create really evil characters. Lots of writers present a huge number of antagonists, who prevent the success of the main characters, who add a bit of intrigue, and who try to achieve own goals by means of lies, murders, blackmails, etc. Unfortunately, not each evil character may be compared and be equal to the one, created by Shakespeare. But still, even our modern cinema and literature can amaze readers and viewers. One of such antagonists, who are famous by his bad actions and intentions, is the Joker from The Dark Knight. This character is interesting from many perspectives and causes numerous contradictions at the same time: first, he is too evil and always eager to break some rules and harm society as well as Iago, however, his attitude to some situations makes the viewer smile; secondly, his hate towards Batman makes him the main antagonist, however, some of his actions are rather smart and cause certain respect. His horrific appearance and constant laughter do not cause positive emotions, but still, some of his words and actions should be taken into consideration as they have certain sense and even can teach something.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello: The Words and Actions of Iago specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More So, the peculiar feature that is inherent to both the Joker from The Dark Knight and Iago from Othello is their desire to break the rules, make someone’s life unbearable, and get unbelievable p leasure from doing all those bad things. Someone may think that it is not reasonable to compare these two antagonists, as they existed during different periods of time, and they goals had rather different nature. However, to my mind, their unreasonable actions are worthy of attention. First of all, these two characters have one concrete enemy and tried to use other people to take revenge and kill their opponents. For Iago, it was Othello, for the Joker, it was Batman. The Joker decides to use the mob, who hates Batman as well, in order to intimidate society, attract Batman’s attention, and have enough power and money to resist everybody’s favorite. Iago uses Roderigo, who also wants to take revenge upon Othello for Desdemona, Roderigo’s money, and Roderigo’s support. However, the Joker and Iago never use money, they got from their accomplices; this is why these characters are similar to their desire to manipulate people just in order to manipulate. The Joker admits one time: â€Å"It’s not about money†¦ it’s about sending a message. Everything burns!† (The Dark Knight) The same idea is characterized Iago’s intentions and actions. Another point that unites the Joker and Iago in their words and actions is their abilities to lie, not think about the consequence, and not consider their consciousness. At the beginning, Iago tells that he hates Othello because the latter did not promote him but promoted Cassio; however, with some time, he admits that Othello slept with Emilia, Iago’s wife, and this is the major reason why Iago wants to revenge. Almost the same picture is observed in the Joker’s actions: first, he admits that it was his father, who â€Å"put a smile on that face† (The Dark Knight); later, he presents absolutely another story that it is his wife, â€Å"who tells me I ought to smile more† (The Dark Knight). The reader of Othello and the viewer of The Dark Knig ht can easily concede that any of their words are false. As we can observe, the actions of these two characters do not have any reason, they do not care about the rules, their society live in; these people are so evil that they have satisfaction only in case someone is suffering, however, it is even hard to imagine if these people can be aware of what satisfaction really means.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In general, the analysis of words and actions by Iago and its comparison to the Joker’s actions lead to unpredictable results. These two evil characters were created in different epochs, cultures, and conditions, however, at the same time, their dreams, goals, words, and actions are so similar to each other. It is impossible to support any of these characters, but still, it is possible to learn something from their actions, analyze their mistakes, and comprehend that evil may exist in different forms. Very often, it is very hard to find out where the true evil can be, but such great works like Othello or The Dark Knight provide us with a chance to evaluate possible examples and be careful with such â€Å"Iagos† or â€Å"the Jokers† in real life. Works Cited Corns, Thomas, N. â€Å"A History of Seventeenth-Century English Literature.† Blackwell Histories of Literature. Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2007. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Othello, Moore of V enice. Teddington: Echo Library, 2007. The Dark Knight. Dir. Nolan, Christopher. Perf. Bale, Christian, Ledger, Heath, and Caine, Michael. Legendary Pictures, Syncopy Films, DC Comics. This essay on Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello: The Words and Actions of Iago was written and submitted by user Cristiano Sanchez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition and Examples of Display Question

Definition and Examples of Display Question A display question is a type of rhetorical question to which the questioner already knows the answer. Also called a  known information question. Different from erotesis questions, display questions are often used for instructional purposes. Theyre used to determine if students are able to display their knowledge of factual content. Examples and Observations So as I have just demonstrated, children, he was saying now, grass is very nice to sit on, but be careful because it can tickle. Now,  can anyone tell me  the name of this handsome creature over here?Is it a rhino, sir? said a girl called Caroline.Very close, Caroline, said Alan Taylor kindly. Actually, it is known as an ant. Now who can tell me- (Andy Stanton,  Mr. Gum and the Cherry Tree. Egmont, 2010)In 1930, the Republican-controlled House of Representatives, in an effort to alleviate the effects of theanyone? anyone?- the Great Depression, passed theanyone? anyone? The tariff bill? The Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act? Which, anyone? Raised or lowered? Raised tariffs in an effort to collect more revenue for the federal government. Did it work? Anyone? Anyone know the effects? It did not work, and the United States sank deeper into the Great Depression. Today we have a similar debate over this. Anyone know what this is? Class? Anyone? Anyone? Anyone seen this before?(Ben Stein as th e economics teacher in Ferris Buellers Day Off, 1986) The [drivers education] class was taught by an old and embittered veteran of the New York City public school system who had the looks and the attitude of, come to think of it, me these days. His form of instruction was Socratic, relentlessly so.What is the purpose of the steering wheel? he asked.The elderly Jewish ladies looked at their shoes. The Chinese stared into space. The black guys continued slanging each other.What is the purpose of the steering wheel? the teacher asked again and got the same response. . . .And so it went for a month and a half. The teacher asked a painfully simple question. Nobody said anything. The teacher repeated the painfully simple question. Nobody said anything.(P.J. ORourke, Driving Like Crazy. Atlantic Monthly Press, 2009) The Purpose of Display Questions Something that the media interview and the classroom interaction have in common is the use of display questions. . . . The purpose of a display question is to put knowledge or information on public display. In the classroom, this is an important way of transmitting and testing knowledge for teachers and students. In these display question situations such as classrooms and quizzes, the questioner follows up the answer by stating whether it is the correct one or not. However, in media interviews, . . . the follow up is very often left to the listener or viewer.(Anne OKeeffe, Michael McCarthy, and Ronald Carter, From Corpus to Classroom: Language Use and Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press, 2007) The Lighter Side of Display Questions Texas Ranger: The teacher asked me what was the capital of North Carolina. I said Washington, D.C.Cal Naughton, Jr.: Bingo.Ricky Bobby: Nice.Texas Ranger: She said, No, youre wrong. I said, You got a lumpy butt. She got mad at me and yelled at me and I pissed in my pants and I never did change my pee-pants all day. Im still sitting in my dirty pee-pants.Cal Naughton, Jr.: I wet my bed until I was nineteen. Theres no shame in that.(Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby, 2006)

Critique of a Journal Acticle on Organizational Leadership Article

Critique of a Journal Acticle on Organizational Leadership - Article Example Owing to the importance of the impact of leadership on performance of the organization, several research studies have been conducted in order to analyze whether there is a relationship between charismatic leadership and the organizational performance. This report presents the critique of one of the such article on the relationship among leadership and organizations performance. The title of the article is â€Å"Does CEO charisma matter? An empirical analysis of the relationships among organizational performance, environmental uncertainty, and top management team perceptions of CEO charisma†. Summary of the article: The article selected for this report is written by Agle, Nagarajan, Sonnenfeld and Srinivasan (2006) and the research study analyzes the organizational performance and identifies relationship with the charismatic style of leaders as well as environmental uncertainty. In addition to this, the research also identifies the relationship between the perception of top tea m management about the charisma of CEO. Leadership style and the organizational performance has been one of the most important topics of today’s world as leaders have an important role to play in motivating everyone in the organization and ensuring that the organization performs at its optimum level. In this research article, information has been collected using both primary as well as secondary research methods in order to perform the analysis. In primary research, questionnaires were filled by people in the top management as well as CEOs of different organizations to analyze the relationship between the variables discussed above. Because the article had a larger sample size, 770 questionnaires were filled and returned therefore the results shown by this research would have a more reliable relationship. Strengths of the article: One of the major strengths of this research study is that data has been collected using larger sample size, as well as more respondents from each or ganization; therefore the research study would give better and more authentic results because of less susceptibility in comparison to other research study conducted on similar topics. 128 of the CEOs were included in the research which is a major strength as the data has been collected using different organizations. Both primary and secondary sources of data collection method have been used. The response rate of this article was the highest in comparison to other research studies that have been conducted on similar topics. Another major strength of this article is that the study analyzed the organizational performance using different criteria like Return on assets, return on equity, sales growth, return on sales and stock return which would reflect better organizational performance whereas other studies previously conducted have not considered these criteria of measuring organizational performance. Weaknesses of the article: One of the major weaknesses of this research study is that it included only firms operating in the United States therefore the results from other parts of the world may have a different result because of differences in organizational culture, organizational procedure and policies etc. For the purpose of data collection method, small firms have not been included so the results might not reflect relationship betw

Research Paper Topics Involving Libraries

Research Paper Topics Involving LibrariesOne of the greatest advantages of pursuing a doctorate in history is that research paper topics involving libraries will be available to you. Having a history degree will ensure that you get the best chance for making the most of your career and getting the highest level of recognition from your colleagues. Having a broad knowledge of library topics is important, as is knowing how to present information in an effective way. This guide will cover some of the areas in which you can learn more about research papers involving libraries.There are many other research paper topics involving libraries to choose from. There are different levels of libraries that can be researched on. Some of the most common areas to research include the public library system, local and regional libraries, archives, museums, and historic sites. Researching these topics should include finding the appropriate research technique for the type of library that you are researc hing. For example, if you are researching a college library, you should look into using journals published by the American Library Association.Research paper topics involving libraries involve thinking about the history of libraries. The history of libraries has been a significant part of our culture for centuries. Understanding the history of libraries is one of the main benefits of pursuing a doctorate in history.There are a number of major points to consider when researching a history degree. First of all, you will want to familiarize yourself with libraries that exist in the world today. Libraries were historically major players in society and they continue to do so in the modern world. They will have to be located in key locations in the nation or in many different locations, depending on their mission. They will need to be staffed by people who know what they are doing, but at the same time, you must know which areas they need help in, if you want to research their issues.Next , you will want to focus on historical document research. Researching documents will require you to take some time out of your research to look at historical documents from various periods. Not only will you need to look at documents, but you will also need to examine images as well. Getting the proper information for your research paper topic will require you to use some creativity.Research paper topics involving libraries will also require you to find out about libraries in your area and in other areas as well. Whether you are researching a library in a city or town or in a region, you will want to gather as much information as possible. Without this information, you will not have a successful research project.Research paper topics involving libraries will offer you a great deal of opportunities to get to know your subject. You will have a wide variety of subjects to investigate in order to get the information that you need for your project.

The Difference Between Academic Writing and Custom Writing

The Difference Between Academic Writing and Custom WritingIt is essential for a writer to differentiate between the two. Academic writing involves analyzing facts, figures, and logic and delivering them in a manner that is most informative and interesting. In comparison, custom writing focuses on a theme, has a specific target audience, and needs to be presented in a style that is appealing and interesting.The first distinction between academic writing and custom writing lies in the formality of its style. Most academic books, journals, or websites use formal language in all the topics that they cover. The pages of these texts are long and dreary; the author is very concerned with preserving the beauty of the text. This is because the entire concept is to present a piece of literature that will not only impress the reader but will also engross him in the subject matter.If the style of academic writing is too formal, it may become boring. On the other hand, if it is too informal, it w ill be hard to present the topic in a way that is engaging and compelling.Another difference between the two is that they do not target the same audience. With academic writing, the primary goal is to present facts, figures, and logic in a manner that is interesting and captivating. The topics that are covered here revolve around historical figures, scientific theories, or methods of discovery and the like.For example, an article on popular misconceptions in political science could be called academic writing because the writer is really interested in discovering the truth about these topics. On the other hand, if the same piece was written for a literary magazine, it would not require much explanation to the reader. In this sense, academic writing is more suited to be compared to creative writing where the main objective is to inform, entertain, and enlighten the readers.In contrast, custom writing needs to be delivered in a simple, clear, and concise manner. Unlike academic writing , where there is more of a need to keep a large amount of information organized, the reader can easily get lost in the subject matter of a custom piece. Also, the topic is more oriented towards the entertainment value of the piece. This is because most of the writers are not directly employed by the businesses that they are writing about, but are simply trying to find ways to provide something worthwhile to the public.So, the difference between academic writing and custom writing is quite clear. These two forms are very different and have different goals. The former is more focused on the education aspect, while the latter is more focused on entertainment.

Hearsay, Lies and Average Length of the College Lit Crit Essay

Hearsay, Lies and Average Length of the College Lit Crit Essay The Average Length of the College Lit Crit Essay Pitfall Unlike the lucky minority from wealthy families, they also have to take into consideration the ways of getting money to cover their education. The more affluent class stakes of attending college are top ranked, since they come from families with the money and does not need to be concerned about the cons about the scenario. If you can't get help, you will have to guess. Moreover, the high expenses of living increase the expenses of college education. A variety of supervisory arrangements are found in. It was not wooden or pretentious. This isn't good for you. It wasn't merely the content, but how the student wrote about the subject that caught Prouty's interest. In the event the individual reading it's short but doesn't have the exact same experiences as you, this will be considered petty bitching. In their interpretations, students may argue for a speci fic interpretation or they might dispute different critics' interpretations. Widening gaps between students and the deficiency of access to college education will result in social and racial conflicts in the usa society. Besides the dissertation, there's coursework in a doctorate application that will teach the concentration specifically. Earning enough money to cover your college education is near impossible with a part-time job, while working full-time leaves students without an opportunity to study, meaning that the money is really wasted. Deprived, the typical student has a decrease likelihood of attending college. Dr. Coon's advice was supposed to select a topic I would study in my spare time and that I truly loved. CollegeVine's Essay Editing Program provides you the chance to submit your essay online and get comprehensive edits within 24-48 hours. In any event, it is necessary that the length of a paragraph in an essay matches the period of the essay. Every essay w ants an intro, a human body and a conclusion. Superior writers utilize short sentences, active verbs, specific info and a pure language. Furthermore, the author employs some exemplary imagery in his essay. Harris was brought in front of a judge, and not for the very first time. As you pay for homework, we provide those options free of charge. Upper class students don't have to set in rather much overtime like the typical student would because they are accustomed to getting it when they want it. Do not neglect to read the info offered by your school cautiously preferably twice. Here's What I Know About Average Length of the College Lit Crit Essay Nevertheless, the 3 comparisons discussed within this post are a few of the absolute most important for your kid to bear in mind. I hate all 3 choices. The list below will provide you with a rough concept, but the most important point is that every part ought to be in proportion to the other pieces. On the other, it's a manner of life. Another reason I chose to self-publish is that I wished to choose the illustrator. Ironically, even though the pumped-up version doesn't use the term wonder, the level of the wonder comes through so a whole lot more than in case the writer just stated they continued to wonder. When in doubt, request guidance. There's, obviously, a limit on the range of pages even our very best writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but generally, we figure out how to satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. You may also get a variety of discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. If you quit advertising, you will find an immediate drop in sales. It's an extensive on-line class on the intricacies of becoming an indie publisher. Should they come at the price of your time and increase your writer's stress, they aren't well worth it. My preceding article on The adv antages of Sleep You Need to Know provides you with some action steps to begin improving your sleep. Stress is among the main causes of exhaustion and fatigue, and can seriously impact your wellbeing. The War Against Average Length of the College Lit Crit Essay Use only what's at your fingertips. In the template there's a multiple choice quiz that contains 15 types of. Somewhat longer papers can likewise be submitted, but in the majority of cases should not exceed 8-10 pages.

Using Team Essay Writing

Using Team Essay Writing New Step by Step Roadmap for Team Essay Writing You've got to introduce your readers about which epiphany moment you're likely to speak about the essay and the way it affected your life. As the title of the book force you to buy that, similarly, the debut of your essay is likely to decide the future of the remainder of the essay. In the worldwide scale the significance of essay writing can be portrayed regarding its positive results on the students' acumen around the world. When you evaluate for academic work, it's important to formulate and support your private reaction. A positive response might only be the case if you robot that doesn't need rest. In the event you're indecisive to pay a person to compose your essay, explore other facets of our websites or contact our support team for any extra guidelines. You would really like to use our cheap essay writing services since they are quick and simple to use. If your essay is describing a process, i ncluding how to make a huge chocolate cake, make sure your paragraphs fall in the right order. Getting ready for a great essay can help someone to boost their idea generation capabilities. Whether the case study is connected to academic or company domain, we're able to write it. In any case, everybody has the chance to find drafts and check ready papers. Things You Should Know About Team Essay Writing Classification Essays Definition Essay Defining a topic may not be as simple as you think but don't worry! The Best Essays Graphic Essay Our team distribute the job among each other based on the area of your essay and begin working on your essay for a team. The Fundamentals of Team Essay Writing Revealed Should you need all types of academic writing assistance, we are here to assist you. You should test out a couple of practical ideas in order to acquire the boost that you're looking for. Not only do you receive access to professional writing help, but you also receive a friend ly support representative, eager to reply to your questions. For a number of reasons, students can't always complete their assignments in time or with the degree of quality they should earn the grades they want. The Debate Over Team Essay Writing Every extraordinary college essay is started in a fairly ordinary way, a rough draft that's worked out by our writing team and they connect different dots with each other to get the last edition. Due to the complexities of writing a great essay, it's often regarded as a frightening task by the students. You will have the ability to get hold of your writer directly should you need to give them any extra info. Such writers have a huge quantity of experience in preparing academic content on a broad range of topics and subjects. Our corporate rules are extremely strict. 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A reflective essay is thought to be an essay that's utilised to spell out the experience of a person in a specific circumstance or while working on a specific project or assignment. If you're unhappy with the standard o f the essay, you're going to receive your money back. You are going to receive an expertly crafted paper and you will love it or you could ask our customer support to acquire your money refunded. Our writers are liable for providing quality work with a money-back guarantee. Some are also written to be able to be published in the magazine for commercial function. Usually team members have various abilities and experience in order to deal with tasks of distinct levels. Each personal objective should concentrate on key initiatives. So, you are able to also profit from our support at our on-line platform. The team should also draw synergy from many individuals in order to drive the project to a fantastic finish. 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Reading response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 37

Reading response - Essay Example However, the family dwells on Orwell’s misfortune and decides to vacation prior his arrival. The situation leaves him unemployed and poor for a month. Orwell borrows a little amount of money like he did back in Paris through pawning his suit. He spends most of his money quickly through renting beds within overpriced hotels as he is not used to living in cheap ones. Soon after, he joins other homeless people in London and wanders between shelters. Even as the shelters are relatively free, most of them do not accommodate the theme for more than a night. The food served is meager and does not satisfy human consumption (Root 48). While Orwell shares between shelters, filth and hunger are constant accompaniments coupled with the considerations of contemptible majorities in the society. The narrative ends with Orwell organizing for the last loan. The employers are set to return in a week’s time and with little efforts of enduring destitution, he bids farewell to his comrades for a long time rest of their

Does an International Political System exist?

Does an International Political System exist? Adding Another Page to the International Political System’s History Book The International Political System’s existence has been questioned in every way, and a plethora of studies have been conducted either to verify its very presence or reject it. It has gone through countless criticisms and praises. But even if we identified the truth about its existence, what would be the importance of knowing if such a system existed? Perhaps it is to make the obscure world a little bit clear. We get to learn things in the system better and possibly even predict what can happen in the future. The only tough task I presume is to classify them since the scope is immense. This paper aims to dwell into the subject matter and prove that one does exist. The first part of the paper will tackle the definitions of the words, â€Å"international,† â€Å"political,† and â€Å"system,† and how they constitute a set of elements peculiar to others. Having put together their definitions, I will turn my focus to the underlying topics that conform to the International Political System’s existence. And lastly, I will provide a conclusion that is going to sum up all my points in this paper. The term â€Å"international† was popularized by a political philosopher named Jeremy Bentham at a time when nation-states were perceived to be prominent actors in the world arena.[1] Using a less authoritative definition, it is â€Å"existing, occurring, or carried on between nations,† according to The English Oxford Dictionary. Furthermore, what is political, according to David Easton, refers to the â€Å"distribution of social values[2].† Systems, however, as defined also by David Easton, are just â€Å"constructions of experiential values, impartial and are not defined by ideology.[3]† Although we are more familiar with defining systems as, â€Å"sets of interacting parts that comprise a whole.† In addition, Hedley Bull also defined international system as a union of states bounded by interaction. This interaction, though, should have a significant amount of impact on another’s behavior[4]. Therefore, an International Political System inv olves two or more states bounded in common interaction with relation to the allocation of social values. To further elaborate the specifics of defining a system, especially one that is political, I will be using David Easton’s Systems Analysis and Categories for the Systems Analysis of Politics. With Easton’s given definition of a system above, it is said to be an open and adaptive system. He suggests that social systems create an open system. An open system is a system that responds to the environment’s influences and vice versa[5]. David Easton argues that a system cannot exist in a void. He claims that system requires an environment for it to exist[6]. And this environment, which is composed of the physical, sociological, social, and psychological, should enclose a system. Therefore, the identification of boundaries is clear. The environment is divided into two parts: intra-societal and extra-societal. The intro-societal consists of systems quite similar to that of the political. These may include a system that is economic, social, etc. While on the other hand, the extra-societal encompasses systems that do not belong within the society. Systems that are international in scope fall under this category – extra-societal (also called â€Å"super systems†). Thus, an international political system is one of the said systems. Now that the definitions have been provided, I will now give topics that indirectly claim that an international political system exists. They are its very foundation of today’s system. Moreover, topics such as structure-functionalism and the identification of patterns will be discussed. A factor to consider whether or not an international political system exists is the presence of intergovernmental organizations. These organizations address the problems of its members and solve them[7]. Having said so, there is a constant interaction between states. This is accomplished through the building of institutions or modifying the old ones. Take the United Nations for example, the European Union, and the World Bank, too. The United Nations have been participating in peacekeeping missions around the globe[8]. Consequently, it is an instrument for regulating power in the international system, acts as arbitraries in pacts or agreements between states, inspires political change, builds norms, ensures development of states. The ability to intervene in the politics of others is interaction. The European Union, however, evidently presents the interdependence of each member in the system. Thus, conflict would be avoided. It is also known not just to prosper financially and politica lly, but to observe human rights and see things in a democratic manner[9]. The World Bank however hopes to eradicate poverty across the globe and provide impartiality in the progressing world[10]. All of which have goals that are not centered in just one state. The scale ranges from a regional collective to an international/world collective. Thus, intergovernmental organizations give way to the existence of an international political system. With the inevitability of intergovernmental organizations, comes the existence of international laws. In neorealism, there exists a structure occupied by anarchic units. And in order to maintain stability and remain organized within the system, established rules are to be followed[11]. These rules make up the international laws. Although the only downfall of having such international laws is the fact that it invades the sovereignty of the states; therefore, international laws are being observed with consent of the state. The state might feel threatened that its sovereignty would be at stake. Transnational institutions are able to connect people in different places, strengthening ties between them. These are corporations that are â€Å"transnational.† They go beyond what it is to be a state or a nation. Although they are not states which we usually identify as units in an international political system, they do have what it takes to interact which undeniably still affects the system. Hence, they can be seen as units of analysis on this context. Existent before and today, diplomacy has been a big factor to prove that an international political system exists. Diplomacy is the peaceful relations among state[12]. It has existed throughout the course of history, preventing wars and promoting peace within the system. Without the will of states to communicate or interact, diplomacy then would be rendered useless. And had there not been diplomacy when interaction occurred, the options would have been to ignore or to go to war. Evidently, whatever choice a state pursues inevitably affects the behavior of the others. Thus, diplomacy is vital in conforming to the presence of an international political system. Treaties are written forms wherein states agree to something. This may include two or more states. It is also ruled by international law. Then again, this is political, and it includes two or more states which are our current units of analysis. Moreover, they do constitute a system. Treaties have been prevalent throughout the course of world history. Some of them include the Westphalian Treaty, which gave the birth of the definition of a state. Armistices which are also referred to as a ceasefire among warring states, contributes to the development of an international political system[13]. Today, we can see the armistice North Korea and South Korea which has been going on for a while now. Another feature is war. War is deeply connected to culture and is even as old as man himself. Although in contemporary times, when everything is quite organized, and wars occur due to the failure of politics[14]. Conflicts spawn when interests contradict, and this is political. World War II for example, came into being because of an immense sense of pride – Nazism. This ultra-nationalistic idea had interests which contradicted many, and so a war was brought into existence. What are usually associated with wars are the formations of alliances. There could exist two factions or a bipolar system where the power rests on two parties. From a liberalist’s perspective the increasing power of an ally isn’t much of a threat and neither do you feel threatened. In fact, you feel more secure. Somehow, this interaction shows an acknowledgment of one state to recognize the other. Hence, from a liberalist’s standpoint, as opposed to realism, cooperation is best, and interaction is greater[15]. Those who conform to this conceive of an absolute gain, or a positive or a negative sum game. Wherein both parties may have a win-win situation or a lose-lose situation. Unlike from a realist’s standpoint, it is always a zero sum game where one wins and the other loses. Hence, realists believe solely on self-interests, where liberalists, on the other hand, believe in shared interests[16]. Since the structure of the international system is anarchic, as conformed to neorealism, conflicts favor the system[17]. Observing the behavior of states, they appear to be relative such as how power that exists is. States normally try to balance their power to whoever has much, or surpass them[18]. Since systems promote stability and unity, the balance of power is intrinsic to the subject matter. This is done out of security purposes, which is in fact, political. Another issue to be tackled is the existence of its boundaries. The international political system, I suppose, should be an open and adaptive system, as what David Easton envisioned for a political system[19]. It should be able to accept whatever the environment has to offer and adapt to it. In order to identify the environment, we must first know the boundaries which separate it from the system. The fact that there exists an international economic system, suggests that it is a different field from the international political system. We can already identify a hint of its environment this way. Instead of focusing on how much the international political system has, we draw our attention more on what it lacks; then systematically, we can easily identify what belongs to its environment. Many critics though such as Lampert believe that the system is too immense that it leaves no space for the environment. But then again, it has all the qualifications of a system; it is only what the syste m lacks that is part of the environment. These aforementioned topics tell us that the system does exist. Now, I will be moving to the structure-functionalism theory. It is often called as â€Å"scientific analysis[20].† It often asks the questions: 1. What patterns exist in the study? 2. What are the conditions that these pattern produce? 3. What processes exist? First, I will define what a structure is. Structures are patterns to which a process is taking place. Functions, however, is defined as â€Å"a condition resulting from the activity performed by a unit[21].† Therefore, structure-functionalism ultimately refers to the foundation of theories to which they explain a comprehensive system framework. In light of the situation of determining the existence of the international political system, the structure would refer to the disturbances that affect the behavior of the units involved. Patterns usually provide us foresight. It is the importance of studying the international political system in order to predict what could possibly happen in the future. Since it clears what is obscure, it could help us establish norms that conform to the patterns that the structure provides. Wars, for example, have been countless results of patterns. From a realist’s point of view, there exist polarities. Power, which every unit struggles for, is a social value. It is their interest and patterns such as balancing of power, offensive realism, defensive realism, come into play[22]. Whatever deviates from these patterns triggers war. It is plausible that almost anything can be quantified today. By providing a set of actions to political actors inevitably mean that system exists. Therefore, without an international political system, patterns would not be provided and understanding the political phenomena in society will be difficult. This is one of the reasons why an international political system should exist. It will provide a framework that will guide political scientists or scholars who specialize in the field of international relations. It is to provide a political map and understand the underlying causes as each situation occurs. Consequently, should this field be taken as a discipline of study, future scholars could possible devise multiple theories which can benefit the entirety of the system. Furthermore, discontinuities can pose no threat to the missing links or the gap that development took a leap. And even better, this leap could spring forward to an even farther destination. Conclusion: Of the given topics above, I have attempted to prove that an international political system exists. From the very definitions of these terms that make up the subject matter, to intergovernmental organizations that exist within the system, to international laws by which states respect and ultimately follow with consent, to transnational institutions or actors that expand or go beyond a state level of analysis, to how diplomatic relationships refer to the preservation of their respective politics without conflict, to wars that eventually happen due to the patterns provided by the international political system, to how formation of alliances meddle with the interactions of states and the influences abroad, and to the realist’s perspective of an anarchic system. Further discussion about the scope of the system has been talked about, identifying the boundaries of All these topics are involved in the activities that comprise the international political system. To identify the origins of the system, I have used the structure-functionalism theory and Systems analysis. Structure-functionalism is a foundation to many systems. It provides the patterns found in the study and used the structure-functionalism theory. I have found it useful to incorporate this field to conform to the system’s existence since it has been a foundation to many systems in the environment. It starts off by identifying patterns found in the political phenomena. Consequently, it determines the functions of each element included in the structure. Having done so, a system is created. David Easton’s analysis however of a political system states that it is adaptive and open. Moreover, he states that systems are not bounded by an ideology. Furthermore, he states that environment which encloses the political system can be divided into two: intra-societal and extra-societal. He further states that the intra-societal environment consists of systems similar to that of the political; while extra-societal, on the other hand, involves supra systems, or systems international in nature. And lastly, I have provided instances why an international political system exists and should exist. I have stated multiple assessments that could either help us get through international matters in a good way or the opposite, all depending on the existence of an international political system. Bibliography European Union. (n.d.). Retrieved August 29, 2014, from European Union Web site: http://europa.eu/about-eu/index_en.htm Hamilton, K., Langhorne, R. (1995). The Practice of Diplomacy. New York: Routledge. McCormick. (2004). Comparative Politics in Transition. Indiniapolis : Cengage Learning. Susser, B. (1991). Approaches to the Study of Politics. New York: Prentice Hall. The World Bank. (n.d.). Retrieved August 29, 2014, from The World Bank Web site: http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/04/17/ending_extreme_poverty_and_promoting_shared_prosperity Wansbach, R., Rhodes, E. (2000). Global Politics in a Changing World. Houghton Mifflin Company. Young, O. (1968). United Nations and the International System. International Organization, Vol. 22 No. 4. [1] Richard W. Mansbach and Edward Rhodes, Global Politics in a Changing World (Boston:2000) [2] Bernard Susser, Approaches to the Study of Politics (New Jersey, 1991) [3] Ibid. [4] Hedley Bull, Anarchical Society (New York, 1977) [5] Bernard Susser, op.cit. [6] Ibid. [7] Richard W. Mansbach and Edward Rhodes, op. cit. [8] Oran R. Young, United Nations and the International System (Madison: 1968) [9] Retrieved August 29, 2014, from http://europa.eu/about-eu/index_en.htm [10] Retrieved August 29, 2014, from http://www.worldbank.org/en/about [11] David Kinsella, Bruce Russett, and Harvey Starr, World Politics: The Menu for Choice (Boston, 2010) [12] Keith Hamilton and Richard Langhorne, The Practice of Diplomacy (New York, 1995) [13] John McCormick, Comparative Politics in Transition (Indianapolis, 2007) [14] Richard W. Mansbach, op.cit. [15] Bruce Russett, Harvey Starr, and David Kinsella, op.cit. [16] Ibid. [17] Ibid. [18] Ibid. [19] Bernard Susser, op.cit. [20] Ibid. [21] Ibid. [22] Bruce Russett, Harvey Starr, and David Kinsella, op.cit. Sociology: Attack On Biological Determinism Sociology: Attack On Biological Determinism Biological determinism is a theory that tries to explain a persons behaviour and other aspects of life in relation to his or her genetic makeup. This theory was encompasses the work of various prominent scientists such as Mendel, Charles Darwin and Francis Galton. Biological determinism abnegates the idea of the surrounding influencing the characteristics and behavioural aspects of an individual. For decades, this theory has been expounded in order to explain human behaviour comprehensively. Charles Darwin proposed heritable characteristics are determined through natural selection. Darwin was of the opinion that an individual would inherit the optimal characteristics that would ensure his survival or have a reproductive advantage. However, sociologists have strongly criticized the biological determinism theory because it does not take into account the environmental factors that affect behaviour (Banyard and Grayson, 2000). This article aims to discuss the concept of biological determ inism and the opinion of sociologists on this concept. Discussion Biologists, when referring to different behaviours and roles of individual in the society, agree that a set of predetermined biological process determine these behaviours. Therefore, people think and act in different manner because they have different development in their brains (Velden, 2010). Biological theorists are of the opinion that the chromosomes and hormones in his body control brain cell formation. For example, the male in the society are equipped with both the Y and X chromosomes whereas the women only have the X chromosome. The Y chromosome in men leads to production of testosterone and other male hormones. Therefore, the male brain develops differently from that of a woman due to the difference in genetic material in the sexes. Biologists have gone further to use the differences in male and female brain to explain the difference in behaviours between the sexes (Kronfeldner, 2009). Biological determinism operates on the assumption that all behaviours have particular causes, which are mainly genetic or related to biological functions and processes. Experiments done by Raine et al (1997) focused in the abnormalities found in the brain of murderers. Raine et al (1997) tried to find determine the common factor in murderers who had put a plea of not guilty by virtue of insanity. In the experiments, Raine et al (1997) looked at the PET scans of murderers and observed their cortical and sub-cortical brains. This experiment aimed to determine whether having brain dysfunction and abnormalities like schizophrenia are linked to the violent behaviours exhibited by the murderers. Raines experiment only focused on the innate factors while it ignored the external factors such as the environments that may control the behaviours of an individual. Biological determinism also focuses on reductionism. Reductionism views individuals as divided into hierarchical groups. Therefore, the biological determinists view the inequalities between sexes, nations, classes as intrinsic rather than extrinsic (Carolan, 2005). Therefore, this theory portrays the picture that if one person is less successful than the other is, it is s not because of the contributing factors in the environment, but because the other person is intrinsically incapable of being successful. Biological determinists therefore believe that men in the society are dominant because they are intrinsically more aggressive and rational than women. According to this theory, biologically inheritable material and not the surrounding environment determine division in the society (Carolan, 2005). It is the opinion of most sociologist that it is irrational to consider social classification as a genetic factor. This is because human from different divides and social backgrounds have been known to interact and live in similar classes. It is also logical to assume that the environment and the surrounding enforces some traits and leads success or failure of an individual in a society. It is from this mode of thinking that sociologists have formulated their theories on human behaviour and societal interaction. The external environment contributes greatly to the behaviour of a person in the society. In fact, according to sociologist the surrounding environment solely regulates behaviour. Although biologists believe that only biological processes influence behaviours, there are various flaws in this perspective. Biologists tend to ignore cognitive behaviours exhibited by individuals in their theory of biological determinism. This is where sociologist criticizes the biological determinism theory. Sociologists believe that people exhibit different behaviours depending on the surrounding environment. For decades, the sociologists view on biological determinism has been that of disapproval. Most sociologists are uneasy with the biological determinism theory because it does not fully explain behavioural exhibition in people (Carolan, 2005). Sociologists disapproval of determinism is justifiable to a given extend especially when such disapproval is guided by ideologues that seek to validate, and rectify, the status quo of the biological determinism. The argument advanced by sociologist is based on the fact biological determinists have a fear that there is a probability of l osing the genic capacity. Therefore, sociologists believe that looking very deep into the realm bio physiology to explain social phenomenon is irrational and rather irresponsible. Social scientists such Skinner believe that all behavioural aspects of a person are determined by the external stimuli (Boeree, 2006). Skinner in his theory concluded that the concept of free will is just an illusion and a persons behaviour will usually conform to his surrounding rather than be genetically determined. Skinners theory on behaviour was majorly based on operant conditioning. Skinner believed that an organism or a person operated in a specific environment with various stimuli that contributed towards specific behaviours. Therefore, skinner believed that when a person or organism is exposed to certain environment a stimulus known as the reinforcer contributed towards his repeated behavioural exhibition (Boeree, 2006). From Skinners theory, we can deduce that a behaviour followed by a reinforcing stimulus has a higher likelihood of being repeated or not. Skinner used the example of a rat in a cage with a bar or pedal. In case the rat presses the pedal or the bar, it leads to release of food pellet. Assume the rat is bouncing in the cage and accidentally presses the bar then the food pellet is released. Therefore, this rat will tend to repeat this behaviour not because it inherited such traits but because it there is a reinforcing stimulus in the environment (Boeree, 2006). Watson John supports Skinners opinion by also showing that the surrounding environment governs an individuals behaviour.   Watson assumes that behaviour exhibited by an individual can be correlated to other observable occurrences in the environment. In Watsons opinion, there are usually definite occurrences that precede and follow exhibition of certain behaviours. Watsons behaviourism theory attempts to explain the relation between stimuli in the environment and an individuals response (behaviour). Watson like Skinner borrowed his idea on behaviour from Pavlovs conditioning experiments. Watson believed that individual learned through stimuli substitution and similarly behaviours in individual are exhibited according to change in stimuli rather than genetic predispositions (Winfred, 2010). Watson became one of the many sociologists to oppose the mentalist concept. He believed that the early neuroscientists were very ignorant on how the nervous system and the brain functioned. At that time, biological determinism was widely accepted as an explanation to behavioural exhibitions. However, Watson changed this opinion by using contiguity to explain how organisms learned. Watsons theory assumed that emotions were complex expression of classical conditioning and therefore complex behaviours only came about due to combination of recognisable reflexes (Winfred, 2010). Like Skinner, Watson believed that repeated activity strengthened the learning process and the learning process is what creates the difference between human behaviour. Despite the fact that Watsons position did not explain the concept of human learning, his theory is currently considered as one of the pioneers to learning sciences. Conclusion In the society, the most obvious feature is inequality. It is obvious that some individuals have great wealth while others are poor Different groups explain these inequalities according t their preferred theory. Biological determinists believe that inequality in the society is as a result of the intrinsic factors. Sociologists on the other hand believe that social differences are as a result of extrinsic factors. Both these arguments are passionate and provide interesting view into the human behaviour and social organization.Sociologists try explaining the relation between human beings and their surrounding while neglecting the concept of biological determinism. However, socialism alone cannot explain some behavioural patterns neither can biological determinism. It is necessary for both the sociologist and biologists to move towards a relatively dynamic theory, which is open to interrelation of theories from both sides of the divide. No matter how much the sociologist may wish to sti ck to their theory, they cannot evade the complex nature of biological organisms. As much as the environment influences the behaviour, it is necessary to note that chemical reactions and hormonal changes also influence how organisms and human behave. Currently, it would be absurd to support only one theory due to the evidence available. Social theories provide their arguments, which are as compelling as the arguments provided by the biological determinists. It is therefore irrelevant for sociologist to wage war against biologists since booth theories have weaknesses, which can be augmented if the theories are combined to form a grand theory that explains human behaviour.